California Law and Ethics Practice Exam

In which situation is a therapist mandated to breach confidentiality according to California law?

1. A client expressing suicidal thoughts without a specific plan

2. A client in a psychotic episode threatening violence towards an identifiable person

3. A client sharing details about personal relationships

4. A client involved in a domestic dispute

The correct answer is: A client in a psychotic episode threatening violence towards an identifiable person

In California law, therapists are mandated to breach confidentiality in situations where there is a clear and imminent risk to another person. The correct scenario here involves a client in a psychotic episode who is threatening violence toward an identifiable person. Under California's Tarasoff duty, mental health professionals are required to take reasonable steps to protect individuals who may be in danger due to a client's threats. This law stipulates that if a therapist believes that a client poses a serious risk of harm to a specific person, they must take action to warn that person or law enforcement authorities to prevent potential harm. In contrast, if a client expresses suicidal thoughts but lacks a specific plan, the therapist may provide support and explore these feelings further without necessarily breaching confidentiality. Additionally, sharing personal relationship details, or involvement in domestic disputes without immediate threats or harm does not typically necessitate a breach of confidentiality under California law. Confidentiality remains essential in therapeutic settings, and breaches are only mandated in clearly defined situations that pose a risk of serious harm to others.